In the digital age, cryptography is the cornerstone of data security, employing mathematical algorithms to prevent unauthorized access or alteration of data. The advent of quantum computing presents a potential threat to many existing cryptographic systems. This poses a significant concern for blockchain technology, which heavily relies on cryptography for its security. Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is a burgeoning field aimed at developing cryptographic algorithms resistant to quantum computer-based attacks. Within the context of blockchain, several research domains emerge, including post-quantum signature schemes, consensus mechanisms, and privacy-enhancing techniques. This three-part exploration of cryptography, quantum computing, and blockchain technology underscores the need for continued research to secure, maintain integrity, and ensure privacy of blockchain systems in a potentially post-quantum world.